商业研究

• 世界经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国与美国企业生产组织模式对比分析

申海成1,孙灵2   

  1. 1.北京大学 经济学院,北京 100871;2.重庆第二师范学院 旅游与服务管理系,重庆 400067
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-16 出版日期:2017-06-16
  • 作者简介:申海成(1978-),男,山东莱芜人,北京大学经济学院博士后,经济学博士,研究方向:国际贸易与金融、文化金融;孙灵(1983-),女,重庆沙坪坝人,重庆市第二师范学院旅游与服务管理系副教授,研究方向:产业经济。.
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金资助项目,项目编号:2017M610672。

A Comparative Analysis of Production Patterns between Chinese and American . Enterprises

SHEN Hai-cheng1, SUN Ling2.   

  1. 1. School of Economics, Peking University,Beijing 100871, China;2. Department of Tourism . and Hospitality Management,Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400067,China
  • Received:2016-12-16 Online:2017-06-16

摘要: 面对中国对外贸易的新常态,中国企业更深入地参与全球生产将成为常态。本文在不完全契约情况下,利用世界投入产出数据库的数据对美国和中国各行业在价值链的平均位置进行测度,并利用回归方法分析公司内贸易进口份额、要素密集度和进口弹性对企业生产组织模式的影响,同时测度中国在全球价值链中的位置。研究结果显示:每个下游化测度和相应部门的公司内进口份额之间具有正向稳定的关系,这个关系只取决于购买者行业面对的需求弹性值;当生产投入可以互补时,企业选择放弃上游的控制权以鼓励上游厂商投资,因为这种投资会对下游厂商产生积极的溢出效用;当需求没有弹性时可以做相反的预测,即一体化相关上游阶段是最优选择,这时能够看到价值链下游进行的外包。.

关键词: 国际生产组织模式, 进口需求弹性, 价值链.

Abstract: In the face of the New Normal of China′s foreign trade, Chinese enterprises will participate in the global production more deeply. In the case of incomplete contract, this paper uses the data of the world input-output database to measure the average position of American and Chinese industries in the value chain, and uses regression method to analyze the influence of intra-company trade import share, factor intensity and import elasticity on enterprise production organizational model, while measuring China′s position in the global value chain. The results show that there is a positive and stable relationship between “downstreamness” and intrafirm import share, which only depends on the demand elasticity of buyer′s industry; when the production inputs can be complementary, companies choose to give up control of the upstream to encourage upstream firms to invest, because this investment will have a positive spillover effect on downstream firms; when demand is not elastic, the opposite can be predicted, that is, the integration of upstream phase is optimal choice, then we should be able to see the outsourcing of value chain downstream.

Key words: international production organizational patterns, import demand elasticity, value chain