商业研究

商业研究

• 绿色经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

自主创新、技术引进与碳排放 ——不同技术进步路径对碳减排的作用

何彬1，范硕1,2   

  1. 吉林大学 1.中国国有经济研究中心;2.经济学院，长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-17 出版日期:2017-07-20
  • 作者简介:何彬（1979-），男，昆明人，吉林大学中国国有经济研究中心副教授，经济学博士，研究方向：产业经济学、数量经济学；范硕（1981-），男，长春人，吉林大学经济学院副教授，研究方向：国际贸易学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目，项目编号：15ZDA015；吉林省教育厅“十三五社会科学研究规划项目”，项目编号：吉教科文合字［2016］第448号；吉林省教育厅“十三五社会科学研究规划项目”，项目编号：吉教科文合字［2016］第444号；吉林大学基本科研业务费哲学社会科学研究种子基金项目，项目编号：2015ZZ025；吉林大学“青年学术骨干支持计划”，项目编号：2015FRGG06。

Independent Innovation, Technological Introduction and Carbon Emission: The Role of Different Technological Progress Paths in Carbon Emission Reduction

HE Bin1，FAN Shuo1,2   

  1. 1. Center for Public Sector Economy Research at Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China； 2.Economics School of Jilin University，Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2017-02-17 Online:2017-07-20

摘要： 技术进步是实现碳减排的根本性措施，但不同的技术进步路径——技术自主创新与技术引进，以及不同国家、地区不同的技术进步路径，对碳减排的作用各不相同。本文将技术进步方式分为自主创新和技术引进，又将自主创新分为原始创新和模仿创新，以期通过更加细化的方式对技术进步与碳排放之间的关系进行更加深入的研究；本文还以环境规制成本作为门限变量，应用动态面板门限估计，研究环境规制的门限效应。研究结论表明：第一，原始创新不但没有降低碳排放，反而增加了碳排放，说明我国的技术创新更多地关注了产能的提升，绿色创新程度不高，创新间接效应大于直接效应，模仿创新对碳减排效果较好，其原因在于模仿创新是一种“跟随型”的创新；技术引进的作用很小，说明我国不可能通过购买的方式获得最适宜的技术。第二，在不同的地区，自主创新、模仿创新、技术引进对碳减排的作用表现出较大差异，因此促进技术进步以及减排政策制定不能采取“一刀切”。第三，原始创新、技术引进与碳减排之间均具有门限效应，当环境成本达到门槛值时，原始创新、技术引进开始促进碳减排。因此，需考虑不同技术进步路径的不同碳减排效应，选择不同的激励、扶持与规制政策。

关键词: 碳排放, 技术进步路径, 原始创新, 模仿创新, 技术引进

Abstract: Technological progress is the fundamental measure to achieve carbon emission reduction, but different ways of technological progress - innovation and technology introduction, as well as different countries and regions in different ways of technological progress, have different effects on carbon emission reduction. Therefore, this paper divides the way of technological progress into independent innovation and technology introduction, and divides the independent innovation into original innovation and imitation innovation, in order to have a more in-depth study of the relationship between technology progress and carbon emissions by means of a more detailed approach; this paper takes the environmental regulation cost as the threshold variable, and studies the threshold effect of environmental regulation by using the dynamic panel threshold estimation. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the original innovation can′t reduce carbon emissions, but increases carbon emissions, which shows that China′s technological innovation pays more attention to the promotion of efficiency, the degree of innovation is not high, and the indirect effect of innovation is greater than the direct effect, imitation innovation is good for carbon emission reduction, the reason is that imitation innovation is a kind of “following type” innovation; the effect of technology introduction is very small, which shows that our country can′t obtain the most appropriate technology by purchase. Second, in different regions, there are large differences among independent innovation, imitation innovation, and technology introduction in playing a role in carbon emission reduction,therefore, government can′t take “one-size-fits-all” approach in promoting technological progress and making emission reduction policies. Third, original innovation, technology introduction have the threshold effect. When environmental costs reached the threshold, the original innovation and technology introduction began to promote carbon emission reduction. Therefore, we need to consider the different carbon emission reduction effects of different technological progress paths, and choose different incentives, support and regulatory policies.

Key words: carbon emissions, technological progress path, original innovation, imitation innovation, technology introduction