商业研究

商业研究

• 商经理论 • 上一篇    下一篇

中美光电设备制造业双边贸易失衡分析

李焱，张筱涵，黄庆波   

  1. （大连海事大学 航运经济与管理学院，辽宁 大连116026）
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-13 出版日期:2019-03-16
  • 作者简介:李焱（1977-），女，河南周口人，大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院副教授，经济学博士，研究方向：国际贸易理论与政策、全球价值链；张筱涵（1996-），女，辽宁大连人，大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院研究生，研究方向：全球价值链；黄庆波（1968-），男，辽宁本溪人，大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院教授，博士生导师，经济学博士，研究方向：国际贸易理论与政策、装备制造业。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社科项目，项目编号：16YJC790051；中央高校基本科研业务费项目，项目编号：3132018293；辽宁省社科基金重点项目，项目编号：L16AJY003。

An Analysis of Sino-US Trade Imbalance of Optoelectronic Equipment Manufacturing

LI Yan, ZHANG Xiao-han, HUANG Qing-bo   

  1. (School of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026,China)
  • Received:2018-11-13 Online:2019-03-16

摘要： 从2009年起光电设备制造业的双边贸易差额在中美贸易逆差总额中的占比超过40%，剖析其双边贸易失衡问题对于揭示中美两国真实的贸易态势有着重要的现实意义。全球价值链理论体系的兴起为重新审视双边部门贸易情况提供了更加科学的研究框架，本文利用WIOD国家间投入产出表，采用增加值贸易核算法，从贸易规模、产品结构、产业关联以及国别结构等方面，对2000-2014年间中美光电设备制造业双边贸易进行增加值分解，研究表明传统贸易统计模式下的中美光电设备制造业双边贸易失衡被夸大；尽管中国对美国确实存在贸易顺差，但中国在双边贸易中的获利能力相对美国较弱，中国在双边出口中的国内增加值份额低于美国，且以最终品出口为主；尽管中国产业中间品的生产能力不断加强，但在全球价值链中的地位仍低于美国；美国工业的电子信息化及服务化程度相对较高，而中国光电设备出口中的服务业投入呈现逐年增加的趋势；中美光电设备双边贸易网络中的主要贸易伙伴国较为稳定，其中墨西哥的重要程度日益提升，而日本的地位则有所下降。

关键词: 全球价值链, 中美双边贸易, 光电设备制造业增加值

Abstract: Since 2009, the bilateral trade balance of optoelectronic equipment manufacturing industry has accounted for more than 40% of the total trade deficit between China and the United States. Analyzing the bilateral trade imbalance of optoelectronic equipment manufacturing industry has important practical significance for revealing the real trade situation between China and the United States.The rise of global value chain theory system provides a more scientific research framework for re-examining bilateral sector trade. This paper uses WIOD inter-country input-output table and value-added trade accounting method to decompose Sino-US bilateral trade in optoelectronic equipment manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2014 in terms of trade scale, product structure, industrial linkages and country structure.The research shows that the bilateral trade imbalance between China and the United States in optoelectronic equipment manufacturing industry under the traditional trade statistics model is exaggerated; although China does have a trade surplus with the United States, China′s profitability in bilateral trade is relatively weak compared with the United States, China′s share of domestic added value in bilateral exports is lower than that of the United States, and the final product export is the main factor; although the production capacity of China′s industrial intermediaries products is not continuously strengthened, but its position in the global value chain is still lower than that of the United States; the degree of electronic informationization and service-oriented in American industry is relatively high, while the service industry investment in China′s optoelectronic equipment exports shows an increasing trend year by year; the major trading partners in the bilateral trade network of optoelectronic equipment between China and the United States are relatively stable,Among them, Mexico′s importance is increasing while Japan′s status is declining.

Key words: global value chain, Sino-US bilateral trade;value added of Optoelectronic equipment manufacturing