商业研究

商业研究

• 商经理论 • 上一篇    下一篇

时移势易：贸易自由化对企业创新的阶段性影响

赵灿1，刘德学2   

  1. （1. 广东财经大学 财政税务学院， 广州 510320；2. 暨南大学 经济学院，广州 510632）
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-20 出版日期:2019-12-24
  • 作者简介:赵灿（1990-），女，河北晋州人，广东财经大学财政税务学院讲师，经济学博士，研究方向：国际贸易和税收政策；刘德学（1961-），男，吉林九台人，暨南大学经济学院教授，博士生导师，研究方向：国际贸易。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目，项目编号：15ZDA018，17ZD047。

The Periodical Influence of Trade Liberalization on Enterprise Innovation ZHAO Can1, LIU De-xue2

ZHAO Can1, LIU De-xue2   

  1. (1. School of Finance and Taxation, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320,China;2. School of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China)
  • Received:2019-04-20 Online:2019-12-24

摘要： ：加入WTO以来, 中国对外开放已从适应和追随国际贸易规制阶段转变为全面开放和引领潮流阶段，本文基于中国渐进式对外开放背景，以2001-2016年中国A股上市公司的专利数据为研究样本，在考虑产业互联的基础上考察贸易自由化对企业创新影响的阶段性特征。研究发现：贸易自由化对企业创新的影响具有显著的阶段性特征，具体而言，在加入WTO过渡阶段，本行业贸易自由化和上游行业贸易自由化分别对企业创新呈现抑制效应和促进效应，而下游行业贸易自由化具有显著的抑制效应；在全面开放阶段，本行业贸易自由化对企业创新具有显著的抑制效应，而上游行业和下游行业贸易自由化均对企业创新具有显著的促进效应，即本行业贸易自由化始终会抑制企业创新，上游行业贸易自由化会促进企业创新，下游行业贸易自由化对企业创新的影响呈现先抑制后促进的“U型”特征。这说明贸易自由化与企业创新之间的关系不是一成不变的，而是与对外开放所处阶段以及国内外经济竞争格局等存在密切关系，因此，应适时有针对性地调整贸易政策。

关键词: 贸易自由化, 异质性企业, 产业关联, 创新, 阶段性特征

Abstract: Since China′s accession to the WTO, China′s opening up has changed from the stage of adapting to and following the international trade regulations to the stage of overall opening up and leading the trend. Based on the background of China′s gradual opening up, this paper takes the patent data of China′s A-share listed companies in 2001-2016 as the research sample, and studies the phased characteristics of the impact of trade liberalization on enterprise innovation on the basis of considering the industrial interconnection.The results show that: the impact of trade liberalization on enterprise innovation has significant stage characteristics,specifically, in the transitional stage of China′s accession to WTO, trade liberalization in this industry and upstream industry respectively have inhibition and promotion effects on enterprise innovation, while trade liberalization in downstream industry has significant inhibition effects;in the stage of all-round opening up, trade liberalization in this industry has a significant inhibiting effect on enterprise innovation, while trade liberalization in upstream and downstream industries has a significant promoting effect on enterprise innovation,that is to say, the trade liberalization of this industry will always restrain the innovation of enterprises, the trade liberalization of upstream industry will promote the innovation of enterprises, and the influence of trade liberalization of downstream industry on the innovation of enterprises presents the “U-shaped” feature of first restraining and then promoting.This shows that the relationship between trade liberalization and enterprise innovation is not immutable, but closely related to the stage of opening up and the pattern of economic competition at home and abroad. Therefore, trade policies should be adjusted in a timely and targeted manner.

Key words: trade liberalization, heterogeneous firms, industrial linkage, innovation, periodic characteristics